Standardised test and Teacher Made test

Standardized Test

• Standardized test are those test Which are carefully constructed with a uniform procedure of scoring, administering and interpreting the test results.
• These consists of items of high quality.
• These are norm-based test. A manual is supplied which explains purposes and uses of test
• The standardization refers to the degree to which observational procedure, administrative procedure. equipment and materials and scoring rules have been fixed so that testing procedure occurs at different times and places.
• It is constructed according to the expected standard of the achievement of the efficiency of the individual tested neither too easy nor too difficult.

Characteristics

1. Items are fixed and are not modifiable.
2. The most common areas of curriculum are included in the test.
3. It is constructed by test specialists or experts.
4. Rules for administrator and scoring are determined by the author of the test and must be followed exactly as stated in the test manual.
5. These are provided to compare class performance between different ages and class groups
6. Data on the quality of the test are provided along with the test.
7. Validity and reliability of standardized test are ensured right from the beginning of the test construction.

Procedure of standardized Test

1. Preparation of  a design and blueprint.
2. Preparation and administration of a preliminary test or try out of the test in order to find out the shortcomings of the test and rectify them.
3. Item Analysis:

                     This means unsuitable items are discarded from the test. It can be used to identify items that are deficient in some way, thus paving a way to improve or eliminate them, with the result being a better overall result.

                        Item Analysis is a technique that will enable the examinees to assess the quality or utility of an item. For this following points are to be considered- 

• Difficulty Index: It shows the proportion of students who answered each item correctly.
• Discriminating Power: It is a measure of the extent to which a test item discriminates students who do well and do not well in the overall test.

Estimation of item difficulty Index:

      It is the percentage of students who get the right item.

      Difficulty Index = R/N*100/1

        R= Number of students who answered the right item.

        N= Total number of students attempted the test.

Higher the difficulty index easier the item and vice versa. The too difficult test items reduces the validity and reliability of the test.  

Estimation of item discriminating power:

 It is the degree to which Discriminate between bright and dull people in a group.

Discriminating Power = Ru-RL/ N/2.

Ru= number of correct responses from upper groups

RL= number of correct responses from lower groups

N= Total number of students attempted the test.

If all the respondents from upper and lower group, answer an item correctly or fail to answer correctly, the item has no validity.

If the number of high scores is greater in the upper group as compared to lower group the item has high discrimination power.

The higher the discriminating power, better the item

Item have zero or negative discriminating power need to be discarded

          After item analysis good items with appropriate difficulty level and satisfactory discriminating power are selected for final test. Desired number of items are selected according to blueprint and arranged in order of difficulty. Time limit is set